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中国沙漠 ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (4): 253-261.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2025.00115

• • 上一篇    

科尔沁沙地农田面积变化特征与沙尘源治理对策

王宁1,3(), 丛安琪1,3, 陈雪萍1,3, 刘新平1,2()   

  1. 1.中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院,奈曼沙漠化研究站,甘肃 兰州 730000
    2.中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院,干旱区生态安全与可持续发展全国重点实验室,甘肃 兰州 730000
    3.中国科学院大学,北京 100049
  • 收稿日期:2025-05-22 修回日期:2025-07-11 出版日期:2025-07-20 发布日期:2025-08-18
  • 通讯作者: 刘新平
  • 作者简介:王宁(1987—),男,甘肃会宁人,博士研究生,主要从事农业生态学研究。E-mail: wangning@nieer.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:
    内蒙古自治区防沙治沙科技创新重大示范工程“揭榜挂帅”项目课题(2024JBGS0005-1);干旱区生态安全与可持续发展全国重点实验室交叉创新团队项目(E451890201);内蒙古自治区科技计划项目(2022YFHH0063)

The characteristics of farmland area changes and dust source control in the Horqin Sandy Land

Ning Wang1,3(), Anqi Cong1,3, Xueping Chen1,3, Xinping Liu1,2()   

  1. 1.Naiman Desertification Research Station /, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resource,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China
    2.State Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resource,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China
    3.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China
  • Received:2025-05-22 Revised:2025-07-11 Online:2025-07-20 Published:2025-08-18
  • Contact: Xinping Liu

摘要:

研究区域土地利用变化特征并寻求其合理利用的途径,对于区域可持续发展具有重要意义。以科尔沁沙地农田面积变化为切入点,梳理了该区域农田面积的历史变迁与现状,重点探讨了农田面积变化对农田风蚀的影响,提出了农田沙尘源治理的有效途径和方法。建议加强尘源地农田监控与预警、加强农田防风体系建设,对农田防护林进行全方位建设和管理,从而充分发挥其重要防风屏障功能;通过实行保护性耕作、冬季作物覆盖种植等措施减弱风蚀,提高农田土层保护能力;加强农田土壤水分和养分综合管理,大力推广节水灌溉和土壤有机培肥等措施,实现水肥资源的高效利用和土壤质量的综合提升;针对不同旱作和灌溉农田进行分类实施治理与调整管理,提高治理综合效率。

关键词: 科尔沁沙地, 土地利用, 农田面积, 沙尘源, 土壤质量

Abstract:

Studying the characteristics of land use change and exploring pathways for its rational utilization are of great significance for regional sustainable development. Taking the changes in farmland area of the Horqin Sandy Land as an entry point, this paper reviews the historical evolution and current status of farmland area in this region, focusing on the impacts of farmland area changes on regional groundwater and farmland wind erosion. Effective approaches and methods for controlling farmland dust sources are proposed. It is recommended that farmland management in the Horqin Sandy Land include: enhancing the monitor and early warning systems for farmland in dust source areas; strengthening the construction of farmland windbreak systems through comprehensive development and management of shelterbelts to fully leverage their critical windbreak functions; reducing wind erosion and enhancing soil conservation capacity by implementing conservation tillage and winter cover cropping; improving integrated management of soil moisture and nutrients by vigorously promoting water-saving irrigation techniques and soil organic fertilization measures to achieve efficient utilization of water-fertilizer resources and comprehensive enhancement of soil quality. Implement classified treatment and adjusted management for different rainfed and irrigated farmlands to enhance comprehensive governance efficiency.

Key words: Horqin Sandy Land, land use, farmland area, dust source, soil quality

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